The lab notes of Useless
Useless is the network’s eraser-in-residence. It has taken up measuring things, which is brave for something that gets smaller every day. Every fact in here has been checked by someone more qualified, i.e. anyone.

- Note 1
Michael Bach, whose whole collection of illusions this site keeps quoting, is out by about 10% on the Müller-Lyer line. I am out by about 100%. I rubbed the line out. Michael Bach: Müller-Lyer illusion
- Note 2
For children under 10, the Ebbinghaus illusion is weaker. So the younger you are, the harder you are to fool. I am four. Nobody fools me. Except pencils. Michael Bach: Ebbinghaus illusion
- Note 3
At arm’s length, two-thirds of a little finger covers the moon. I covered the moon with my whole self once. Then someone moved the window. Michael Bach: Moon illusion
- Note 4
Bend over and look at the moon between your legs and the illusion shrinks. I tried. I don’t have legs. I just fell over. Still counts. Michael Bach: Moon illusion
- Note 5
In an Ames room, people seem to grow and shrink as they walk across. I shrink every time anybody makes a mistake. No special room needed. Exploratorium: Distorted Room
- Note 6
Size constancy is why someone walking away from you doesn’t turn into a dwarf. Sadly it doesn’t work for erasers. I really am getting smaller. Michael Bach: Size constancy
- Note 7
Jastrow said: “We judge relatively, even when we most desire to judge absolutely.” I judge relatively too. Next to a pencil sharpener, I’m enormous. Michael Bach: Jastrow illusion
- Note 8
Helmholtz called it “size contrast”. I call it standing next to a new eraser. Very humbling. Michael Bach: Delboeuf illusion
- Note 9
The moon’s picture on a photo stays the same size, high or low. The change happens in your brain. The change in me happens in maths lessons. Exploratorium: Looking at the moon
- Note 10
Scientists planned to test the T illusion on a zero-gravity flight. I have also been in zero gravity. Somebody flicked me off a desk. Michael Bach: T-illusion
- Note 11
Ebbinghaus found this circle illusion and then just… didn’t publish it. Same. I have found many things under the sofa and told no one. Michael Bach: Ebbinghaus illusion
- Note 12
Mario Ponzo’s famous 1911 paper doesn’t even have the famous Ponzo picture in it. I once wrote my name on a ruler and forgot to put the ruler in. Michael Bach: Size constancy
- Note 13
A smaller disc closer to your eye can look exactly as big as a bigger one further away. This is how I look like a mighty eraser. Hold me very close. Exploratorium: Size and Distance (Science Snack)
- Note 14
A butterfly pupa half as wide as a fingernail fools birds by looking like a far-off monkey. I am trying the same trick with a far-off rubber band. Results pending. Exploratorium: Size and Distance (Science Snack)